Over 95 Million Served July 21, 2009
Posted by Kate Ryan in Drug War, Economy, Marijuana, Politics, Taxes, US Drug Policy.Tags: California Financial Crisis, Crime and Punishment, Drug Wars, Economy, Marijuana, Marijuana Taxation, National Politics, Politics, popular culture, Public Health, US Drug Policy
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Everyone probably has heard at least one story about the unsuspecting tourist in Amsterdam that walks into a “coffee shop” expecting to get a cup of coffee. For those that have not, a coffee shop in Amsterdam is where one can go to smoke marijuana – if you want coffee, go to a cafe. I was amused to no end when an aunt of mine visited one of these places and brought back a menu. I did not ask if she ordered off it.
Like many Americans, I have operated under the assumption that Marijuana is legal in the Netherlands. To my surprise, it is not – it has merely been decriminalized for the use of small amounts – and the establishments that sell it are legal, though they are not allowed by law to grow their own supplies. This is to ensure the safety of the supply as well as the government’s income from it. Recently, the Dutch government has been cracking down on the Amsterdam coffee shops – new zoning laws are regulating where they can be located – but the city still has over 200 operational establishments. One of the reasons cited is so that all drug use – including marijuana use – is discouraged. It is estimated that about 17% of the Dutch population has ever used marijuana and 3% have used it within the past month.
Compare these statistics – in a country where marijuana use is discouraged but tolerated – to the U.S. policy wherein marijuana use is a crime and the punishments are severe. Almost 37% of Americans have used marijuana in their lifetimes (about 95 million of them) and five and a half per cent have used in the past month. The American “War on Drugs” has certainly not been successful in curbing illegal drug use. About 20% of the inmates in American state prisons are incarcerated on non-violent drug offenses. Of these, 47% are marijuana offenses and 90% of those are for simple possession.
There has been a growing chorus to rethink American drug policy – especially where marijuana use is concerned. California estimates the value of marijuana grown and distributed in the state at approximately $6.4 billion annually. Taxed at a rate similar to alcohol, California could bring in revenues of about $1.5 million per year plus achieve savings on prosecution and incarceration of drug offenders. About eight and a half per cent of the California prison population – about 13,000 inmates – are incarcerated for an average two years. It costs California $31,000 per year to house a single inmate. This translates to over $800 million to keep those prisoners incarcerated for two years. A non-violent offender caught up in the “three-strikes” policy would average a 25-year sentence and cost the state over $750,000 to keep him incarcerated. When does the end – cost – no longer justify the means? Law enforcement has more important responsibilities than arresting 750,000 individuals a year for marijuana possession, especially given the additional justice costs of disposing of each of these cases. Marijuana arrests make justice more expensive and less efficient in the United States, wasting jail space, clogging up court systems, and diverting time of police, attorneys, judges, and corrections officials away from violent crime, the sexual abuse of children, and terrorism.
Many on the other side of this debate, those who would argue for the continued prohibition of marijuana, cite the drugs addictive and “gateway” properties. Several studies, however, have shown these arguments to be erroneous. In a 1999 study by the Institutes of Medicine, researchers concluded that “There is no conclusive evidence that the drug effects of marijuana are causally linked to the subsequent abuse of other illicit drugs.” They reasoned that marijuana was considered a gateway drug in that ”Because it is the most widely used illicit drug, marijuana is predictably the first illicit drug most people encounter. Not surprisingly, most users of other illicit drugs have used marijuana first. In fact, most drug users begin with alcohol and nicotine before marijuana — usually before they are of legal age.” As far as addictive properties, marijuana is considerably less so than alcohol; alcohol has twice the intoxication rate of marijuana and three times the dependence rate. The dependence rate of caffeine is twice as high as that of marijuana.
Lastly, there are other economic benefits to marijuana legalization. Foremost among these is the development of Hemp as an eco-friendly cash crop. As one of the fastest-growing biomasses on the planet, the Hemp plant can be cultivated anywhere in the world and requires nearly no pesticides or herbicides. Because of its density, it has been valued in farming for weed control and soil enrichment. The plant can also be used to “mop” impurities and chemical out of the soil and water. Hemp fiber can be used in cordage, building materials, biofuels, fabric, and paper. Hemp seeds are also a nutritionally sound foodstuff and could bring more food security around the globe.
When you stack up all the benefits of marijuana and hemp against the policies we follow in this country today, it is clear that we are going down the wrong road. We need voices and politicians that are unafraid to bring this issue to the forefront and turn us in the right direction.
(Please see the NORML website for more information on legalization)
On March 29, Robert Stewart walked into a North Carolina nursing home and opened fire, killing 8 people. It is believed that the killings were motivated by a recent estrangement from his wife. 
